Living with Strangers Free Essays

On the off chance that you live with clamor, Ignorance and superfluous consideration as standards consistently. I accept you live In a city with rambling life. In the event that you particularly need to go to one of these sort of urban communities, at that point you could without much of a stretch go to New York. We will compose a custom article test on Living with Strangers or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Since a ton of the angles you would assume are in a city, really discovers place at this extraordinary spot. Many individuals believe that the attractions make the city novel with high rises coming to over the skies. A tall and pleased woman welcomes everybody that shows up, and alluded various occasions through verse and tunes, however at this case, it isn't the environmental factors cap Is uncommon, about this city. Rather, we need to look towards the individuals offense York. They make New York special as a result of the Ignorance they are fit for appearing in broad daylight. In this paper, Sir Hustled fundamentally centers around an unwritten law †the imagine it-isn’t-happening-law. It is an odd marvel since one would believe that individuals move to the urban communities to be around others and to get in contact with other lost spirits when, actually, more often than not is spent inside or looking down at the ground In a jam-packed metro. This can be seen all through the story, for instance, gracious can see toward the starting where she moves to New York from an unassuming community In Minnesota where it isn't unexpected to state â€Å"hi†, and in the event that you don't do it, at that point it will be considered as egotism. Contrasted with New York that truism â€Å"hi† to an outsider would be viewed as odd. Be that as it may, the inquiry is what way, is the correct method to respond in the event that somebody welcomes you? This is the motivation behind why Sir Hustled doesn't have a response to this however this Is the reason she decided to compose an article. It Is just an abstract assortment of her musings on this Issue she has separated Into three shopping center parts, the first being her own back-story. In addition to the fact that this provides the peruser a fast Idea of who the writer is and how she feels with a situation so not quite the same as what she is utilized to, however increasingly basic, a presentation like this is essential in all sorts on the off chance that you need to get an association with your perusers. Above all else, we feel mysterious in thick urban areas since everybody are caught up with accomplishing something different, and don't have the foggiest idea, which could Indicate the motivation to why there is a lot of wrongdoing In colossal urban areas. Second, this might be the reality to why individuals are acting insane out in the open, since you don't know even a small amount of the residents, you permit yourself to be progressively outgoing. Hustled bolsters her own hypothesis about the urban laws by saying that in each city, there are couple of nuts who conveys their message. Maybe about that adoration is just sent from Jesus Christ, or we are bound in year x. Nonetheless, it appears as though these nuts are not getting any reaction, yet they start a response of feelings inside the head of customary individuals â€Å"pretend it isn’t occurring, imagine It Isn’t happening†¦ â€Å". To this point, Sirs Hustled has condemned the urban law carefully, be that as it may, In the last piece of the exposition, It appears as though she recognizes the upsides of this impact provided that you are engaging in a conversation, it can wind up awfully off-base, on the off chance that you Just essentially ask someone else considerately, to kill his cigarette inside a metro, you could get a danger with your life at stakes. Accordingly, he despite everything violated the urban law about â€Å"pretend it isn’t happening†, and loudly assaults the little man, who was asking well mannered. On the other Sir Hustler’s girl, Sophie, took the metro when unexpectedly a nut said to Sophie the amount he adored her. She attempted to disregard him, however toward the end she felt awkward overlooking him. At that point, unexpectedly, someone else interfered with, attempting to be wry and entertaining. By doing this he recognized what he Just have had bean observer to in broad daylight. This man helped Sophie, he helped her give a grin all over, and through this, he changed her whole day. However, he could have been a crowd of people and it would have appeared as though it never had occurred. What may just appear as a situation could be in the following second reality. At the end of the day, this opens a window to another universe of characters, and this is the thing that Sir Hustled is attempting to communicate oblivious. A dull and static piece of the human, abruptly gets customized and gives us that appeal and argumentation, can help us towards coming more grounded people. In the event that you make a viewpoint to the town where Hustled is from in Minnesota, you will see that Just on the grounds that you utilize the meet- - welcome method, where you Just monotone state â€Å"h'† to another, doesn't make you to a more genuine individual than one who disregards you in New York. The implicit laws of a general public may assist individuals with getting by in a specific domain in any case it keeps us from considering others multifaceted nature. Rather than intuition everybody is an individual, you think everybody is a piece of a gathering. In the event that you need to become somebody, you need to confide in yourself. The most effective method to refer to Living with Strangers, Papers

Race & television Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Race and TV - Essay Example Bigotry is labeled as funniness to make it sound adequate to the crowd. Racial ideas are taught in our brains as an optional result while the prime center stays upon the satire. Then again, genuine racial collaborations are considerably more antagonistic and clearly hostile in nature. Genuine racial connections incorporate incessant utilization of oppressive language and tormenting, that is either physical or verbal or both. The anecdotal perspectives anticipated on TV expect incredible propensity to impact our own collaborations. â€Å"Just as individuals can build up their perspectives about others through exchange and association with others in the public arena, similar kinds of results can develop dependent on viewing television† (Mastro, Behm-Morawitz, and Kopacz, 2008). In my youth, I attempted to keep up good ways from my blondie class colleagues since they were generalized as idiots in certain animation arrangement. All things considered, over the time, I have gotten increasingly basic in my examination of the legitimacy of data gave about explicit ethnicities and races on TV, which is the reason, I am not as impacted now as I used to be

You Complete Me

You Complete Me I see that theres been a bit of discussion in the comments about the Application Tracking System and what makes an application complete. Let me try to help clarify things a bit. Scores: We dont need to have your full set of scores now; we wont need them until we go into the Early Action selection committee. We will receive November scores in time, so dont worry, we will consider all of your new scores. MidYear Grades: We do not expect to see first quarter grades. If we need them, well call your school. We *do* want your first semester (or trimester) grades as soon as theyre available; this is mostly for the Regular Action selection committee. Supplemental materials: If youre concerned about our having received them, you can call our office at 617-253-3400 to see if we have them. What if we dont have everything?: We will not act on any case where we dont feel we have enough information to make a decision. If we need further information or application materials to be able to make a decision, we will contact you or your school. That being said, it is your responsibility to monitor the tracking system and make sure we have your application materials. Decision day: We have not yet announced a date for early action decisions. We will make an announcement later in December; watch the blogs for more information. and now, Im off to go see the Bollywood film Om Shanti Om! (Happy belated Diwali!)

You Complete Me

You Complete Me I see that theres been a bit of discussion in the comments about the Application Tracking System and what makes an application complete. Let me try to help clarify things a bit. Scores: We dont need to have your full set of scores now; we wont need them until we go into the Early Action selection committee. We will receive November scores in time, so dont worry, we will consider all of your new scores. MidYear Grades: We do not expect to see first quarter grades. If we need them, well call your school. We *do* want your first semester (or trimester) grades as soon as theyre available; this is mostly for the Regular Action selection committee. Supplemental materials: If youre concerned about our having received them, you can call our office at 617-253-3400 to see if we have them. What if we dont have everything?: We will not act on any case where we dont feel we have enough information to make a decision. If we need further information or application materials to be able to make a decision, we will contact you or your school. That being said, it is your responsibility to monitor the tracking system and make sure we have your application materials. Decision day: We have not yet announced a date for early action decisions. We will make an announcement later in December; watch the blogs for more information. and now, Im off to go see the Bollywood film Om Shanti Om! (Happy belated Diwali!)

Theatrical Realism Realism And Realism - 1228 Words

Theatrical Realism: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatrical_realism Theatrical realism was a general movement that began in the 19th-century theatre it remained present through much of the 20th century developed a set of dramatic and theatrical conventions with the aim of bringing a greater fidelity of real life to texts and performances Realism is the literary term applied to compositions that aim at a faithful representation of reality, interpretations of the actualities of any aspect of life An attempt to describe human behaviour and surroundings or to represent figures and objects exactly as they act or appear in life Began in the mid-19th century, in reaction to the highly subjective approach to romanticism the realists tended to downplay plot in favor of character and to concentrate on middle-class life and preoccupation, avoiding larger, more dramatic issues Unlike naturalism, it does not focus on the scientific laws that control life, but the specific actions and their characteristics Characteristics: objective free will often optimistic settings in the everyday world ordinary events everyday characters the individual is perceived as a person with depth, bility to make ethical choice and act on the environment describes reality in comprehensive detail characters are more important than the pilot and action complex ethical choices are often the subject of the literature characters are related to nature, to each other, to their social class and to their own past.Show MoreRelatedThe Theatrical Style Of Realism1670 Words   |  7 Pageshave defined them for the majority of their lives. The play took audience members on an emotional journey, and each was left feeling deeply touched by the stories of the four main characters. Every aspect of Quartet fits the mould of the theatrical style of realism. The play uses human context to help audiences of all ages connect with the cast and tension to immerse the viewer within the story. Director Andrea Moor has crafted a compelling character d riven story line; Wilfred, Reginald, Cissy, andRead More The Purpose of Theatre during the 20th Century1722 Words   |  7 Pageswas to emphasize realism. Realism had initially begun as an experiment to make theatre more impactful to society. It was a reaction against the 19th century’s ideology of theatre, melodrama. It had soon become a well-known innovation in mainstream theatre. Due to its common ideology, it had also caused adventurous innovations to aspire as well. The reason for emphasizing realism was for realistic artists to create an illusion of everyday life onstage. A similar movement to realism that changed theRead More Magic Realism in Wise Children by Angela Carter Essay example788 Words   |  4 PagesMagic Realism in Wise Children by Angela Carter Magical realism is a primarily Latin American literary movement from the 1960s onwards, which integrates realistic portrayals of the ordinary with elements of fantasy and myths. The result of this is a rich but disturbing world that appears at once to be very dreamlike. The term ‘magical realism’ was first used by German art critic, Franz Roh, who said it was a way of depicting ‘the enigmas of reality’ and literary critic Isabel Allende hasRead MoreRealism Theatre Essay1085 Words   |  5 PagesRealism is the movement toward representing reality as it is, in art. Realistic drama is an attempt to portray life on stage, a movement away from the conventional melodramas and sentimental comedies of the 1700s. It is expressed in theatre through the use of symbolism, character development, stage setting and storyline and is exemplified in plays such as Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Anton Chekhovs The Three Sisters. The arrival of realism was indeed good for theatre as it promoted greaterRead MoreEphemeral Repertoire Of Embodied Knowledge943 Words   |  4 Pagesthe bias towards realism during the 1940s. During this period, an assumed realism connected with Clifford Odets, Lillian Hellman, and Eugene O’Neill’s realistic plays were the standard for commercially viable Broadway audiences. From the beginning, critics sought to reframe Menagerie to fit within the constraints of other commercial dramas of the period such as Lillian Hellman’s The Little Foxes and William Saroyan’s Time of Your Life. Incorporated memories drawn from the theatrical practitioners contradictRead MoreA Faithful Representation Of Reality1488 Words   |  6 Pages1894, Those Extraordinary Twins is similar to many of the books written during the literary time period of realism. Although Twain’s novella Those Extraordinary Twins may not appear to be perfectly reminiscent of the realism time period, there are stylistic elements evident in the book. Therefore, this novella effectively represents the realism time period and the styles that were used. The realism time period, which began around 1860, mainly emerged during the Industrial Revolution. Around this eraRead MoreRealism in Theatre Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesThe theatrical plays of â€Å"Angels in America† and â€Å"August: Osage County† both of the playwrights create a heart wrenching, tear jerking, and amazing work. Each character is developed to have its own sets of values, beliefs, and attitudes towards life and so there are no two characters alike. With each character having its own identity, it brings a sense of excitement and unpredictability in the plays. Tracy Letts the writer for â€Å"August: Osage County† establishes a sense of reality in his play by developingRead MoreContrast Between Ancient Greek Theatre â€Å"Antigone† and Modern Russian Theatre in â€Å"the Cherry Orchard†.1695 Words   |  7 Pagesessential elements of theater through his seminal theatrical critique ‘Poetics’. These elements are Plot, Character, Idea, Language, Music and Spectacle. Where as in theatrical revolution of modern Russian theatre Moscow Art theatre, founded by Stanislavsky, played a very important role and drew all the wide ranges of influences and ideas, including his work and his study of modernism, naturalism, realism and symbolism. The experiment of realism makes a wide gap and contrast between Greek and RussianRead MoreThe Renaissance And The Baroque Period1501 Words   |  7 Pageslatter. Similar methods were used during the Romantic period, when artists created works with the goal of evoking strong emotions. This can be seen in The Third of May. Realism artists had the opposite purpose, to present only what their eyes truly saw, which can be seen in The Stone Breakers. Impressionist artists defied realism, but focused on color, texture, and light, like the cathedral depicted in Monet’s Rouen Cathedral. Michelangelo Buonarroti’s David, is a beautiful, finely detailed marbleRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray Aestheticism Analysis1585 Words   |  7 Pagesstark claim made by Oscar Wilde in the preface to his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (3). Along with the rest of Wilde’s preface, this sentence rebukes literary realism in favor of aestheticism. This is unsurprising to anyone who is familiar with the playwright’s other plays and lectures; Wilde was an avid opponent of realism and a firm believer in the concept of â€Å"art for art’s sake.† Critic Elizabeth Prettejohn claims that aestheticism includes a focus on the visual elements of a piece of

Autumn Short Story - 1275 Words

From the peak of the Empire State, she could scrutinize the world skid sleekly through her peripherals. However, it was not the world, just her world and hers only. Just a single vivid, scintillating, and breathing mass, an athletes heart through the midst of the suspenseful annual Boston Marathon. There was a manifold of people, the blood and fuel that has been powering this lively fourteen thousand, six hundred acres for a multitudinous past and equally unique years. The near two million inhabitants of this Broadway musical will always appear and continuously remain to be absurdly colourful. It was a typical nightfall during this passing season of Autumn. The midnight air was marginally algid and the lunar moon was complete as it†¦show more content†¦Exhausted she was, persevering to accuse the shadow, peering from the umbra lamplight, her friend, the insomniac. Her comrade the insomniac, was an exceptional friend indeed. It always raises her up in its rather brittle and whimsical tired arms, then proceeded to drop her in the kitchen, escorted by the minuscule blaze of the stove-light. Every night it would set her up a blind-date with passing half, full, quarter moons and constellations, keeping her awoken night shifting self in the perfect company. It repeatedly grant her reasons to think, many more to stay awake. She would walk through a distorted kitchen perception , through crepitating oak planks, with faltering kneecaps that clanked together delivering a reverberating metallic sonancy like clanking silverware. If she fell it would lift her, with strong arms and flimsy wrists. Those metallic, high pitched sounds, would pulsate in her ear like lousy overused church bells, that chose to constantly remind her. That if one day the lord helped an atheist, she would baptize herself in a somber abyss as immersed as the Marianas Trench, with und iscovered glinting, golden, gleaming, silky, rough strings of a feverish undying happiness. There was no need for a deluge into crimson waters†¦ The world is plump with the maple coated scent of Fall. The innumerable concrete lanes have begun to cripple with phosphorescent leaves this season has invited. With every breath MotherShow MoreRelatedShort Story : The Smell Of Autumn Wafts 1317 Words   |  6 PagesAs the smell of Autumn wafts in, I can see her, sitting in the back seat of the car--blue jeans, a gray windbreaker, and her long dark brown hair tied back into a ponytail. There are tears pooling in her eyes and on her face. They trickle parallel to her nose and over her soft pink lips. Those lips are moving; noise escapes from between them. She speaks with anger and frustration, lashing out at the couple in the front. There is a tightening in her chest. She forgets how to breathe. The man thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allen Poe s The House Of Usher 1219 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 3 Honors Disher 16 November 2014 The Poe Effect Edgar Allen Poe is known for his intricate and unsettling short stories and poems. Poe believed that an effect had to be an unifying aspect of a story. In his â€Å"Philosophy of Composition†, he writes about how the reader needs to feel the effect throughout a story and realize that the writing buttresses the effect. Poe’s short story, â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†, uses the quintessential features of the Gothic tale to fulfill Poe’s goals ofRead MoreThe Nightmare in Bullet Park884 Words   |  4 Pagesjourney. Often times people go on a quest in search of something they desire, but as protagonist Neddy Merrill discovers, the quest does not always turn out as planned and instead leads the quester in the direction of self-discovery. In his 1964 short story â€Å"The Swimmer,† John Cheever depicts the disastrous downfall of a man who impulsively decides to journey home through a course of swimming pools, but instead unconsciously escapi ng reality. Neddy Merrill abruptly decides to begin his journey homeRead MoreTravelers: Fantasists, Conjurers, and Seers of the World Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagesnonfiction, Ozick strategically uses genre, diction, and exemplification to effectively emphasize that travelers see ordinary things in a new light when visiting other places and countries. She starts off by discussing a morning during a Swedish autumn. She describes the morning using a lot of imagery, saying things such as that it is enveloped in â€Å"a mysteriously translucent shadow† and it’s â€Å"as if a faintly luminous river ran overhead† (pg. 68). Ozick looks at the sun in a new light, being in countryRead MoreA Farewell To Arms And The Lottery By Shirley Jackson1392 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel â€Å"A Farewell to Arms† by Ernest Hemingway and the short story â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, there are distinct similarities and differences in the setting and symbolism used throughout. In order to see what the authors are trying to say, from time to time, you have to look deeper into the facts in the writing and analyze. Both of these stories are extremely stimulating, while still being heartbreaking. The styles that these stories have make you as a reader see things differently in yourRead More The Short Stories of Gabrie l Garcia Marquez Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Short Stories of Gabriel Garcia Marquez Short story writer. Novelist. Journalist. Political activist. Nobel Prize winner. Most beloved of 20th century Latin American authors, Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on March 6, 1928, in the small coastal town of Aracataca, Colombia. He published his first story, The Third Resignation, in 1947 and began studying law and journalism. His first novel, Leafstorm, was published in 1955, the same year the Colombian government shut down his employer, theRead MoreEssay about Religious Symbolism in A Good Man Is Hard to Find1243 Words   |  5 PagesReligious Symbolism in the Grandmother and the Misfit Flannery O’Connor has long been criticized for her blatant incorporation of religious symbols into sinister, dark stories. In the short story â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find,† the dark and apathetic Misfit is said to portray, in an allegorical sense, a Christ-like figure. However, through the interpretation of the inversions of divine characteristics, his repulsion of Christ’s very existence, and the denial of any powers beyond the observable realmRead MoreEssay about The Juggler1226 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough the air like a magician† (218 -221, p. 6). These beautiful lines constitute the final conclusion of the short story, â€Å"The Juggler†, written by Ursula Hegi and published in 2001. The story deals with themes such as beauty, letting go and being stuck in the past. The short story takes place in Coeur d’ Alene in the first weekend of October. An unnamed first person narrator tells the story of her daughter, Zoe and her boyfriend, Michael who have come to visit her. It is the first time she meetsRead MoreAlice Walker s Innocence And Subsequent Loss Thereof Essay1200 Words   |  5 Pagesmoment marks a change in the tone of the short story, showcasing the main character’s shift in how she understands the world around her. Myop is suddenly and violently thrust into a world in which skin color dictates how others in society will treat her. There is a noticeable shift in tone in The Flowers as Myop becomes exposed to the world outside her home. The initial tone of the short story is carefree and child-like. Although the point of view of the story is third person omniscient, it is stillRead MoreSummary Of Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?854 Words   |  4 PagesConnie represents American innocence and powerlessness. Connie has a hard time defending herself against Arnold Friend because of her lack of knowledge and the impact of American culture. The mother-daughter relationship plays a significant role in the story because had Connie and her mother communicated better, Connie, who is still a child, would have be protected from the evil of the world. Barstow also points out that the modern American is unable to distinguish evil from good. Evaluation: This article

Urbanization and Social Disparities in Cities, Questions...

Question 1: Cities as Locus for Political Debate Cities are plots of land, densely covered with built environment, inhabited by dwellers; however cities are also vast network hubs, linking social, economic and political flows. Cities possess enormous human capital: they encourage exchange of ideas and intellectual opportunities. Cities are conceived upon diversity – encountering individuals with different believes and points of view, coming from very different backgrounds one has a chance to test his own convictions against those of others. Cities therefore are constantly evolving subjects, where one continues to learn every minute; they also become arenas for political action and organization. In my essay I am going to discuss how through close spatial proximity and interrelation of different socio-economic groups important political questions are being raised. With examples from different world regions, such as India, US and Brazil it is possible to distill a trend that urban setting through compact spatial organization provides exposure to various viewpoints and encourages its dwellers to take action, to attempt to solve infrastructural problems and organize in political groups. It is both in the city center and the periphery where people become involved into performative politics. I would argue, that physical proximity and socio-economic difference present simultaneously in one space no matter whether in the center or in periphery foster one’s involvement inShow MoreRelatedRapid Urbanization And Violent Conflicts1282 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction There are numerous social, economic, cultural, and political issues that accompany rapid urbanization. Concerns about rapid urbanization and violent conflicts have long been uttered in different respects: mainly this concern have related to the capacity of social orders to adjust to such development, and the likelihood that it may increase urban violence and insecurity. And on the other hand, this has related to concerns that growing political and social demands would inevitably followRead MoreThe s Theory Of Evolution2321 Words   |  10 PagesQuestion 1 As times changed from rural work to the industrial era, the questions of society and individuality arose, bringing up theories from past figures such as Charles Darwin and his arguments on the real ancestors of humans, Immanuel Kant on enlightenment, and Jean-Paul Sartre on existentialism. With the rise of modernism and various forms of reform, the public came to question the religious truth of the Bible and looked to philosophers for answers, re-evaluating the meaning of mankind andRead MoreAdaptation Of Climate And Simplifying Informal Settlements6860 Words   |  28 Pagesprogressive development of human societies, their ecological and environmental influence has been steadily increasing. The spatial expansion and higher population and housing density of cities with its multiplier effect on land use and land cover change (LUCC) have been recognized as the most important aspects of cities climate change which is triggered by the need for urban services provision for the influx of human population. The shortages of housing in particular, and other urban services provisionRead MoreEconomic Growth And Development Of Development6644 Words   |  27 Pagesfive stages of development to include (1) the traditional which has to do with primitive technology, hierarchical social structure and barter trade relation, (2) pre-conditions for take off where education, entrepreneurship capital mobilizing institutions assist economic progress, (3) take-off stage is one with rapid economic growth, technological application and investment and urbanization; (4) drive to maturity is the stage of more sophistication in technology and diversification and (5) the age ofRead MoreBusiness Opportunities14520 Words   |  59 PagesSchumpeter saw the entrepreneurial opportunity anchored in the alpha individuals of society who are responsible through their superior capabilities of engendering innovative forms of entrepreneurship. This form of entrepreneurship has wide reaching social repercussions, specifically for increasing national output and job growth (GEM, 2006). The Kirznerian entrepreneur is considered to be a discoverer of opportunities, which are found in the environment because they arise from market disequilibria.Read MoreSSD2 Module 4 Notes Essay28478 Words   |  114 Pagesspecific personality or demographic characteristics to every person of a particular group Code switching Code switching is the practice by those who know more than one language of switching between them during the course of a conversation. Social stratification Social stratification is the native division of a societys people into different status levels. Relative poverty Relative poverty is the difference of perceived wealth vis-à  -vis others in the same society. Impression management Impression managementRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pagesacross countries. Economic institutions determine the incentives of and the constraints on economic actors, and shape economic outcomes. As such, they are social decisions, chosen for their consequences. Because different groups and individuals typically benefit from different economic institutions, there is generally a conflict over these social choices, ultimately resolved in favor of groups with greater political power. The distribution of political power in society is in turn determined by politicalRead MoreUrban Areas Of Rural Areas9857 Words   |  40 Pagesareas and this has made it difficult to improve as well as sustain development in rural areas. The arrival of civilization brought about urbanization. Civilization is the height of man’s inventions as a means of raising his standard of living. Man believes in high-living and indeed obtains much pleasure in the company of other fellow men. People agglomerate in cities to be able to communicate person to person, person to firm person to government. Urban areas constitute the development potential of theRead MoreEssay on bussines stretegy LOLC 19948 Words   |  40 Pagesgood to every corner. The Cargill’s diversified as, Cargill’s Food City/Cargill’s Food City Express Magic/Heavenly Kotmale Kist Kist Biscuits KFC Marketing and Distribution Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2 Figures 1.3 Strategy Strategy is identifies the approaches to be used for accomplishing the objectives in an organization. A company’s strategy must answer the following three questions. 1. What business are we in? 2. How to compete within the businessRead More7 Megatrends 203026297 Words   |  106 PagesT6 GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY T7 SHARING GLOBAL RESPONSIBILITY START INDEX TRENDS CONTACT 5 SUBTRENDS GROWING WORLD POPULATION AGING SOCIETIES INCREASING URBANIZATION 8.3   billion   people    will   live   on   earth Median   age   will    increase   by   5    years   to   34   years 59%   of   the   world s    population   will   live    in   cities A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Seven   global   megatrends   shape   the   face   of   the   world   in   2030 T1 CHANGING DEMOGRAPHICS T2 GLOBALIZATION FUTURE MARKETS

Work Health Safety Act in Northern Territory @Australia

Question: Each State and Territory has a principal health and safety Act which sets out requirements for ensuring that workplaces are safe and healthy. These requirements spell out the general responsibilities of different groups of people who play a role in the workplace. Research the Work Health Safety Act in your state or territory and discuss the follow:-1. The key Objects of the Act 2. The duties of employers and employees under the Act 3. The purpose of consultation, representation and participation and how this is conducted in the workplace 4. The role of HR in relation to the implementation of the OHS and Act in the workplace. Answer: In the year 2013, Work health and safety legislation in Australia was imposed that includes the Act of Work Health and Safety, Regulations of Work Health and Safety 2012 that were supported through the codes of Practices that were actually align with the Queensland, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Australian Capital Territory, Tasmania, and the Commonwealth (Work Health and Safety 2013). The regulations of Work Health and Safety 2012 explored the measures of control that need to be applied towards the particular hazards and work activities, for instance machine guarding as well as exposure of noise (Work Health and Safety 2013). The objective of these codes of practices is to offer the practical information, along with guidance over how to fulfill the needs of the regulations. These codes are actually mandatory for offering the information in order to support the workplace to achieve the safe systems at the workplace (Work Health and Safety 2013). In the long term, the work health and safety laws will minimize the red tape as well as cost of compliance for those businesses that are operating their functions all across the state boarders (Work Health and Safety Laws 2014). It will offer to the workers with the similar safety and protection standards along with exploring their training and licensing nationally. The main principles related to the Work Health and Safety Act 2012 are actually consistent with the set up and common standards of health and safety (Work Health and Safety Laws 2014). In the year 2013, the act set up the duties of health and safety, which also includes the basic duty for protecting the person from getting exposure from the hazards and the risk that might occur at the workplace (Work Health and Safety Laws 2014). It also offers the representation, consultation, as well as participation of the workers, which includes the representatives of Health and Safety and Committees of Health and Safety (Work Health and Safety Laws 2014). It even enables the compliance as well as enforcement by the Safe-Work, and the regulators. It also offers the creation of the Codes of practices and regulations. It includes that the important needs of the new regulations should have the transitional periods for offering the workers and the businesses with the time to get prepare (Work Health and Safety Laws 2014). Everyone holds the right to work within the healthy and safe environment. Both the employees and the employers hold the role in preventing the illness as well as injuries related to the work (Acts and Regulations 2015). The useful guides of the organization offer the information in helping to understand the responsibilities of the employers and employees (Acts and Regulations 2015). Responsibilities of Employees Being the employee, one holds the responsibilities under the laws of Work health and safety (Acts and Regulations 2015). They need to act responsibility, and have to take care about themselves, others and also need to cooperate with the employers in context of the safety and health (Acts and Regulations 2015). These practices apply on every worker, whether they are having the disability or not. If the employees dont follow these practices, then they need to be discipline by the employer under the employment conditions (Acts and Regulations 2015). They can even be prosecuted under the laws of health and safety in the state or the territory. Along with this, under the Act of Commonwealth Disability Discrimination of 1992, the ability of the workers to work safety is the most important need of the job (Acts and Regulations 2015). If the disability could be seen to cause the risk of health and safety for the other person at the workplace, then in that case, failing to disclose about the risk could be breach by the workers obligations under the legislations of health and safety (Acts and Regulations 2015). Responsibilities of Employer It is expected from the employers to offer the workplace with safe and healthy in order to protect the employees against all the potential safety and health risks (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). The employers are actually responsible for ensuring about all the employees and to cover it by the workers to compensation insurance along with the event of the workplace injury (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). In the case of workplace injury they should assist the injured workers to return well at the work with safety (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). Safe Work in Australia is highly responsible for enhancing the work safety and health along with the compensation arrangement of the employees all across the Australia (Developing Occupational Health and Safety Programs - Resource Manual, HCHSA 2003). It is actually funded through the Commonwealth, territory as well as government of the states. It works along with the governments, industry and the unions in order to minimize the death, disease and injury in the workplace (Developing Occupational Health and Safety Programs - Resource Manual, HCHSA 2003). The representatives of the health and safety provisions under the Act of Work Health and safety are consistently with the old Occupational health and welfare safety Act. Its noted that the new schemes are actually less prescriptive in context of the HSR process that includes the workgroups (Developing Occupational Health and Safety Programs - Resource Manual, HCHSA 2003). The functions of the workers are also to represent the workers within the work group in context of the matters related to Work health and Safety; monitor the measures that are actually taken by the person in conducting the business; investigate about the complaints through the members of work group about the Work Health and Safety (Bird and Germain 1996). It also enquires about anything, which happens to be at the risk towards the health and safety, which arise through the business (NSW Health 2005). Representation of the workers offers the way for facilitating the consultation that includes the workers by offering them with the voice in the matters of health and safety (NSW Health 2005). The Act of Work Health and Safety explores the workplace that have the better outcome of health and safety when workers have the input before taking any decisions are taken for health and safety that impact them (WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice 2014). The person who conducts the business need to consult to be more practical with the workers who carry out the business work and the one who are directly impacted through the health and safety matters at the workplace (WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice 2014). The Act of Work Health and Safety permits the employees to consult and represent the safety and health representatives. Its important that the workers should ask the representatives of health and safety in order to represent them in the matters of health and safety (WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice 2014). If the employees try to make the request, it is expected that the work groups require setting up to facilitate them into the election. Where else the Health and Safety representatives should consult the person who consults business undertakings (PCBU) (WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice 2014). The health and safety committee tries to bring the workers as well as management together in order to assist in developing as well as reviewing the policies and procedures of health and safety at the workplace (WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice 2014). The health and safety representatives need to set up the workers in to make the request to the PCBU (WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice 2014). Its noted that the health and safety committee are actually helpful for the forum in consultation over the issues of work health and safety (Towarnicki 2012). Its also noted that the committee also enable the PSBU along with workers representatives in order to meet regularly and try to work in cooperation in order to develop the procedures and policies for improving the outcomes of work health and safety (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). In general, they are helpful in the effective consultation at the healthcare workplace, in which there are many people trying to conduct the business as well as undertakings (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). Its noted that widespread consultation has actually developed in the framework of cultural respect of the health by focusing over the agreement of cultural respect (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). The framework of the cultural respect is also developed through the help of the guiding principles in the construction of the policy and the delivery of service through utilizing the jurisdiction by implementing the initiatives for addressing the own requirements in specific mechanism to strengthen the relationship among the system of healthcare (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). Its important that the consultation should be conducted in the health service with the representatives of the local community for the purpose of agreeing over the key group of language within the local area and the local people selection to act as the interpreters (Johnstone, Bluff and Clayton 2012). Its the responsibility of the managers to conduct planning and organizing the activities in the company and lead and control the activities of the company by motivating the staff (Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act 2014). In the area of occupational health and safety, both the state and the territory is responsible for formulating the laws related to occupational health and safety by enforcing the laws. Its the responsibility of every state to have OFS Act and ensure about the safety and health (Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act 2014). In order to develop the OHS programs in the company certain steps need to be taken. In the first step relates to certain set of programs that recognize the previous hazards that are faced by the workers and it include the existing records review (Bratton and Gold 2012).Legislations within the British Columbia also offers the guidelines that includes the minimum needs of the OHS program (Bratton and Gold 2012). The next step relates to prioritizing the requirements of programs, which is based over the risk related to the hazards that need to be controlled through the particular health and safety program (Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act 2014). The third step relates to developing the content of every program. Its important that every program needs to be unique and need to be specific within the organization (Bratton and Gold 2012). It should include common elements like procedure for specific work, program goals, and statement of accountability, training, and program evaluation in order to ensure for continuous improvement. References Acts and Regulations. 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.worksafe.nt.gov.au/Legislation/Pages/Acts-and-Regulations.aspx [Accessed on: 31st January 2015] Bird, F. E. and Germain, G. L. 1996. Practical Loss Control Leadership. Georgia: Det Norske Veritas (USA) Inc. Bratton, J. and Gold, J. 2012. Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Developing Occupational Health and Safety Programs - Resource Manual, HCHSA. 2003. Toronto, Ontario: Det Norske Veritas (USA) Inc. Johnstone, R., Bluff, E. and Clayton, A. 2012. Work Health and Safety Law and Policy. Australia: Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia. NSW Health. 2005. Learning and Development Policy NSW Department of Health. Sydney, Department of Health, NSW. [Online]. Available at: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/PD/2005/pdf/PD2005_255.pdf [Accessed on: 31st January 2015] NSW Health. 2005. Managing for performance - a better practice approach for NSW Health. Sydney, Department of Health, NSW. [Online]. Available at: www.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/PD/2005/pdf/PD2005_180.pdf [Accessed on: 31st January 2015] Towarnicki, S. 2012. Human Resource Management: maintaining a motivated and productive workforce. HIM-INTERCHANGE, 2(1), pp. 9-12. WHS/OHS Acts, Regulations and Codes of Practice. 2014. [Online]. Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/business-topics/employing-people/workplace-health-and-safety/Pages/whs-acts-regulations-and-codes-of-practice.aspx [Accessed on: 31st January 2015]. Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act. 2014. [Online]. Available at: https://notes.nt.gov.au/dcm/legislat/legislat.nsf/linkreference/work%20health%20and%20safety%20%28national%20uniform%20legislation%29%20act?opendocument [Accessed on: 31st January 2015] Work Health and Safety Laws. 2014. [Online]. Available at: https://www.safework.sa.gov.au/show_page.jsp?id=112104#.VMxjLdKUcUc [Accessed on: 31st January 2015] Work Health and Safety. 2013. [Online]. Available at: https://www.jobaccess.gov.au/content/work-health-and-safety-0 [Accessed on: 31st January 2015]

Thomas Eliot Essays (1185 words) - Christian Poetry, Chapbooks

Thomas Eliot T.S. Eliot was a very influential pessimist, always and constantly thriving on his hatred of little things and his love life. Eliot was born in St. Louis Missouri - 1888 ad. His parents were both writers and loved the arts, most effectively passing on the genes to their son. While growing up he learned many things, his parents were extremely social and intellectual and they pushed him to achieve the highest of statuses. He went to college at Harvard University and then moved to London to go to Oxford. He then became a citizen of England in 1915. While in England Eliot held many jobs to keep the payments on his 5th floor English apartment and his college tuition. Eliot quickly became popular with Britain and was known as a great poet and a literal critic. Eliot is best known for two of his works: The Waste Land (1922) and The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (1915). Actually the Love song is the beginning of the Waste Land. The Waste Land is in 5 parts, so it is more of a story in poetical form. In the Love Song, Eliot actually sounds a bit like a optimist, quite frankly though his own ?waste land?steps in half way through. This is his only poetic work I like. But it will never be at the top of any of my lists. In this ?song? , JAP (J. Alfred Prufrock) is writing a letter to his honey, the girl he is in love with. In this poem Eliot uses a lot of visual imagery, he is very good with his adjectives and brings such a happy correlation of thought into a grim reality he would call his ?Waste Land?. He talks of how : In the room the women come and go Talking of Michelangelo. - TLSJAP stanza 13 and 14 It has been my thought that this may signify his ?type?. Eliot, again was an intellectual and then so he would most likely hang out where the smart people were and get away from: Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels And sawdust restaurant with oyster-shells: Streets that follow like a tedious argument Of insidious intent. - stanzas 6-9 He actually gives the evidence to where he found his women, and how he likes to stroll through the outdoors and ending up in places of eloquence, and ?High Society?. Even though he had a medium amount of money. He was still accepted in places for lower pay because of his high intelligence and the intelligence of his women. People enjoyed his company. He goes on talking about how there will always be time for us referring to the love that which he shares for her, and that there will always be time for things, but letting each other look at the joy as present and the escape from his ?Waste Land?. He goes on in stanza 37 - 48 telling how they would grow old together, while still with the people that surround them that they love so dearly. He then tells of how he ?knows? things and how life always goes (evidence of realism) in stanzas 49 - 54. Now here you can start to sense his pessimistic side shed a bit, talking of the: To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways, And how should I presume? Stanza 60 & 61 Of course I guess you could take that as a repentance line but, I don't think so, lets go on. From stanzas 70 - 86 it shows what I think is his deep side and talking as if he were actually a Realist which he probably was, at least to me. He humbles himself a great deal , which is good , but talks of how things slowly fade , referring a lot to his baldness and how age takes a toll on relationships. This is my favorite part of the poem, because he brings you into his soul, not just letting you taste the action . I feel that this is how he lived life. Always leaving people to taste the good stuff around him but behind his eyes ly his brain and behind his brain his heart and when his company least expected it, ?I could see him waving his hands and saying?, ?Come all! Come! Come!...come and feel my pain...come and pity me...come and think I am humble.....even though I don't care much of any of you.? That is the picture I

Wave Power essays

Wave Power essays Visual Impact - Depending on where the conversion facility is placed the visual impact can range from high impact close to the shoreline to a much smaller impact when the facility is placed further from the shoreline. Hydrodynamics - effects on wave climates due to conversion facilities may lead to changes in the shore and shallow sub-tidal areas, and subsequently the plants and animals living in the area. Navigation - the facilities may present navigation hazards to shipping Noise - there is likely to be a noise impact from conversion facilities. This will be more significant for shoreline devices than those situated offshore. Installation Construction - construction of wave energy conversion facilities could lead to the loss of species on the seabed. However, this is not likely to be a long-term impact. Whilst tidal power generation can offer some advantages, including improved transportation due to the development of traffic or rail bridges across estuaries and reduced greenhouse gas emissions by utilising non polluting tidal power in place of fossil fuels, there are also some significant environmental disadvantages which make tidal power less attractive. The construction of a tidal barrage in an estuary will change the tidal level in the basin. This change is difficult to predict, and can result in a lowering or raising of the tidal level. This change will also have a marked effect on the sedimentation and turbidity of the water within the basin. In addition, navigation and recreation can be affected as a result of a sea depth change due to increased sedimentation within the basin. A raising of the tidal level could result in the flooding of the shoreline, which could have an effect on the local marine food chain. The construction of a tidal barrage in an estuary will change the tidal level in the basin. This change is difficult to predict, and can result in a lo ...

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Essay Example As a result of this, more and more men have conventionally acceded to go against their nature and change the diapers at home, though this is not all that is required to sustain the marital satisfaction for either of the two members. While men have tried to share the childcare responsibilities with their wives to assist them in their work, wives have generally increased their demands. They require the husbands to be equally, and in some cases, even more responsible for the childcare than them. This is one of the most common causes of marital dissatisfaction in the contemporary age. This paper suggests some ways in which marital satisfaction in dual career marriages can be increased. Household responsibilities need to be taken very seriously by both partners. If they are left upon the willingness of anybody, they will largely remain unaccepted. In order to retain marital satisfaction along with adequately managing the household responsibilities, it is imperative that assignment of the responsibilities results from mutual consent and agreement of both the partners. Therefore, the solution of this problem obviously requires both the partners to show maximum cooperation and compromise.

Defining the Good Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Defining the Good Life - Essay Example Wealth, health, a life without sorrow and pain are some of what seem to give people satisfaction, one that is said to be a good life. Perhaps it is. For the Greeks, a good life is one that shows happiness. It is then a matter of getting the most of what one has. For instance, a person who is lacking in wealth, according to the definition of the Greeks, can still have a good life depending on how he lives his life. That certain individual can either live in misery which is the extreme opposite of a good life or live so that he would make his life worthwhile and productive, a life that is flourishing. Human flourishing is a wonderful parallelism of the Greeks to a good life because it is perhaps the most accurate or closest accurate definition. Growing well is indeed one of the measures that show how a life is well-lived. It is not just a matter of living in luxury but it is also how a person lives to acquire a luxurious life, having the virtues a good life brings. This means that, in the case of wealthy people, they should not just enjoy what they have but strive to maintain and grow their wealth. However during the process, they should also maintain ethical attributes to keep them proud and satisfied with their achievements. When a person progresses or gains more wealth through illegal means or by using and abusing other people; that individual will definitely feel ashamed of himself. In fact, people who prosper in such a manner always live in fear of government authorities or their rivals and the people they have hurt. They may live in luxury, have money to burn but they do not have a good life because of the absence of the virtues they should possess. As the famous Socrates said, â€Å"The unexamined life is not worth living for† (facultyfiles.frostburg.edu). Indeed, when an individual does not examine himself, he tends to commit mistakes and repeats them time and again. Obviously, a life full of mistakes and without virtues is miserable and undesirabl e. It is not a good life. Being a philosopher, Socrates was actually pointing out to the critical examination of things, events and ideas, the contemplation, self-examination and open-minded wondering (facultyfiles.frostburg.edu) that lead to finding the reasons for everything. A good life is a life of reasonable reasons. Reasons abound but if they are well thought, they make sense and therefore show the energy put into it. However, when reasons are shallow, they often look and sound ridiculous, exposing the life of the person that is not worth living. In relation to the aforementioned discussion on having virtues, it is acquired by having a well-examined life. One who thinks about himself and knows his strengths and weaknesses would definitely be able to build up the strengths and work on his weaknesses in order for him to become a better person. For instance, when a person knows that he has talents in arts, he can do something to develop his gift and become skillful and successful regardless of his situations. A person who knows he is gifted but does nothing to improve it spends no time contemplating about what a privilege he has, has a life not worth living. Self-examination in itself is a virtue and indulging in it develops more virtues in an individual. For example, a man who examines himself develops honesty. It would be futile to examine one’s self and deny what he sees because this will cause a person to lose his virtues instead of gaining them. However, if a man scrutinizes himself and recognizes and accepts his weaknesses and faults, positive changes follow which is the development of more virtues that show what a real good life

Neurological Effects of MSG

Neurological Effects of MSG Abstract Due to evolving since in fields such as food science pharmacology, pediatrics, medical psychology, and toxicology, various food additives have come under a sharp review. In the medical field, a controversy has been ranging as to whether MSG should be used at all since diverse research case studies have not only shown its negative effects on health in general but also its neurological effects. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) has been used as a flavorant in the food industry for close to one hundred years in foods consumed by the masses daily. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies MSG as a food ingredient that is considered generally safe for use by the public, a number of researches such as by Schwartz have shown that it is harmful to the users health and should therefore be banned. Glutamate is naturally found in foods such as milk, poultry, meat and vegetables. Further, the body naturally produces glutamate which is essential for the nervous system. However, syntheti c manufacture has been proven to be harmful. This study purposefully outlines such effects on the nervous sytem and serves to support other recent findings against the use of MSG. Introduction MSG is a food additive that is found in most of the commercial foods. It improves the flavor of the food hence attracting customers. In itself, there is no value addition in terms of nutrition. It actually does nothing to food, but to the eater it is detrimental to their health. MSG is referred to as an excitotoxin or neurotoxin. This is the case since it widely involves the neuroscientists field in that it has degenerative and deadly effects on the brain and the nervous system. MSG actually over stimulates the brain neurons to exhaustion leading to their death. MSG goes to the brain through the membranes in the mouth and the throat. It also enters the blood stream through the digestion of food in the digestive system. MSG will trick the brain to thinking that it is getting value from the foods that are being taken in. MSG is not natural in nature. It is manmade from glutamic acid which is an amino acid which is found in complete proteins. Amino acids do occur naturally from many pla nts and animal tissues. The artificially created types of Amino acids are processed through the breakdown and the change of the natural form of glutamate. Some of the natural substances used for this purpose are molasses, grain starches and corn. The manipulation process produces various form of glumate. The d-glumate is never found naturally. The free glumates could enter the body 8 to 10 times faster than the bound or the natural glumates. Natural glumate is found in foods like tomatoes, milk and the mushrooms. The commercial methods or techniques used to manufacture glumate were not in use until the 1960s. The MSG in use today is not at all natural Literature review The current research shows that MSG is the cause of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers Huntingtons, Parkinsons and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroscientists, such as Adriene, have explained that MSG attacks the blood-brain barrier of the brain cells which is responsible for protection and regulation of the delicate chemical exchange within the brain cells. The chemical exchange process is normally well balanced and its functionality is unquestionable. Under normal conditions also the brain and the body immune system handles all kinds of pollutants, diseases and stress. A very small amount of toxic substance can actually cause the brain call to over react leading to excessive exhaustion and death (Samuels). MSG is one of the major excitotoxins and is widely known to cause damage to the brain part that governs or controls other systems in the human body. The damage will probably appear as a disorder in the nervous system and the endocrine system. This can be manifested in the cases of unusual sleeping patterns, persistent hunger and food cravings. This usually leads to obesity. MSG is also known to cause migraine headaches, behavioral disorders, asthma attacks, depression, heart irregularities, arthritis, sinus problems and digestive problems (Anglesey). MSG is a neurotoxin that takes a very short time to create a widely diverse and dramatic effect on the human body. An individual may take a mild dosage of a prescription drug and have mild effects which may even be favorable. However, another person may take the same prescription drug and instead, get depressed, have stomach disorders, a swollen tongue and aching joints. The different parts of the brain do govern various body functions. The part which is attacked will directly depend on the brain part that has been attacked by the excitotoxin. If for example a person has had a head injury, a genetic pinch in a given part of the brain, has had a fever that is attacking parts of the brain, or even has had a stroke, then it is certain that the part of the brain that has been affected will be due to the toxins. Some of the foods that are sold are sold as weight loss promotions to the people. When food substances such as fat and sugar are removed from the foods, MSG together with aspartame is usually added. These excitotoxins are known to cause obesity and irregular heartbeats in many people. FDA usually allows the labeling of MSGS as natural flavors, hydrolyzed proteins and autolyzed yeast when used as just a component ingredient in an additive and not purely MSG. Americans today are consuming 160 million pounds of MSG per annum. A toxicologist and an author by the name Dr, George Schwartz claims that two table spoons of MSG on a piece of bread could kill a medium sized dog within a minute. The FDA in the year 1995 claimed that no one can react to less than 3 grams of MSG per meal. However, despite their confirmation, they have warned that MSG should be avoided by children, pregnant or lactating women, the elderly and those who suffer Asthma. A highly sensitive individual can react even to less than a gram of MSG (Blaylock). Effects and Related disorders Research has shown that in the late 1950s, an estimated amount of 12 grams per person per year of MSG was used by the Americans. Looking at the same issue today, the estimate has shot to between 400 and 500 grams per person per year. This is an amount that needs evaluation by FDA. (Anglesey) The wide usage of MSG came in the mid 1970s. It gained much popularity with producers of food through the 1980s. Two powerful excitotoxic food additives that took the food industry by storm were the MSG and aspartame. MSG has been widely associated with a wide range of diseases, symptoms and complaints. As earlier stated, it affects the neurological system of the body. The same ailments are today being reported to be on their rise. Often the ailments are quite unexpected and hard to explain either. Neorological effects of MSG and statistics of interest published by national organizations have been listed here-in. Fibromyalgia: this is a growing epidemic. Its patients eliminated MSG and aspartame during the study conducted by Florida University which reported complete relief of symptoms in 2001. However, the most cognitive study was carried by Smith, Shmidt and Guns who sought to prove the link between Fibromyalgia and MSG with several other additives as a common rheumatologic disorder. In this case, 4 patients were diagnosed for 2-17 years with fibromyalgia syndrome. However, they had undergone various modalities of treatment while failing to consider MSG as the causative agent. After eliminating aspartame and MSG from their diets, complete or near complete resolution of symptoms diagnosed were recorded within months. In this case analysis, the subjects were women who had multiple comorbidities and recurring symptoms after the ingestion of MSG. It is therefore indicative that t he excitotoxins, present in substances such as Aspartate and MSG, become excitatory neurotransmitters once ingested, and if consumed in excess can lead to neurotoxicity. These 4 patients may therefore represent this fibromyalgia syndrome and act as a link to conclusively establish a link to MSG. Therefore, persistent studies, if carried out on a larger sample, might serve to link the fibromyalgia syndrome to MSG and aspartame more concretely (Murray). Further, a study posted in MSGTruth.org is instrumental in linking MSG to pituitary adenomas. MSG overstimulates the hypothalamus which consequently leads damage on the neurons. The hypothalamus is responsible for directing the pituitary glands actions, which is also referred to as the master gland since it in turn directs all other glands in the body and their actions such as metabolism, development of sex and reproductive organs and other key development functions. Statistics have shown that 25% of Kenyans develop a pituitary adenoma in the course of their lives. However, studies linking pituitary adenomas to MSG are inconclusive. Some studies had previously depicted this as a genetic disorder but have however been proven wrong. About half of the pituitary adenomas secrete prolactin. Prolactinomas vcan become extremely large over time to crowd the optic nerve thereby affecting vision. It is however detected early in women since it interferes with menses and stops ovulation. This prevents conception or pregnancy in general. Further, since prolactin is responsible for lactation, secretion can cause lactation in the victim even if they were never pregnant or even if they are male. Hence, men with these adenomas develop breasts which have the capacity to secrete milk. Unlike in women who are forewarned by the effects on vision or associated headaches, this condition is deadly in men since the tumor can only be detected when it is large and dangerous. Further, research records by most governments are only kept for cancerous tumors while benign tumor, such as in this case, are neglected hence making it the more difficult not only to research on especially as to its link to aspartine and MSG but also to treat. Trea tment is very expensive. There are only two treatments with Dostinex, a carbegoline, is normally preferred which costs approximately $ 30 a tablet. Therefore, there is a need to sponsor more research as to the link to MSG and brain tumors (Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and Aspartame). Other effects that have been attributed to MSG and its neurological disorders are headaches and migraines, asthma, obesity among others. In headaches and migraines: an approximate amount of $ 2.2 billion per year are being spent on drugs which treat headaches. This chronic condition has received a 74% increase from the years 1980 to 1990. Secondly, Asthma has been linked to MSG and related to the brain effects. According to statistics there was a decline of asthma until the mid-eighties. Since then however, there has been a recorded 100% increase in the rate of death among the children and the seniors. This incidence has increased 600% in the last 10 years. FDA has identified that the uncontrollable asthma can be caused by MSG, unfortunately no further measures are taken to deal with the situation. Defects of birth and disorders of production: MSG has been identified as a mutagen i.e. mutates fetuses. It is said to cause damage to the intellectual development, reproduction, growth pa tterns and the gonadal functions. However, such research has not been concrete. Other effects are neurological or emotional disorders. Laboratory studies have shown devastating effects on brain development. This includes autism, attention deficit, dyslexia, hyperactivity, violent episodes or rage, panic attacks, depression, paranoia, seizures and cerebral palsy. Rats were used for this study. However, human beings are 5 times more sensitive to MSG than rats. Obesity too has been linked to MSG and the nervous system. This is the most consistent effect of excitotoxins exposure and can be termed as a growing problem that does not respect age or sexual boundaries. In fact scientists uses glumate to feed animals used in the laboratories with an aim of inducing obesity. MSG will trigger insulin or adrenalin or fat storage or even a food craving response. This actually depletes the serotonin levels which in turn trigger headaches, depression and fatigue and also leads to food cravings. Finally, it is vital to note the following maladies and diseases are also attributed to MSG. Heart maladies: for the Americans, more than 70 million of them do suffer one or more forms of cardiovascular disease. 43% of all deaths in America are related to this same problem. Cardiovascular operations in the US went up with 287% from the year 1980 to 1990. Alzheimers disease: in the 1980s, this disease was nowhere among the highly identifiable health threats. It is however ranked third in todays statistics after cancer and heart disease. There are 4 million people afflicted by the disease at a cost of $47,000 per person per year in healthcare costs. Parkinsons, ALS, MS and the Huntingtons diseases like Alzheimers are all progressively growing neurogenic diseases that show brain and nerve cell damage. There are also other symptoms of MSG sensitivity that include swollen throat and tongue, joint pain, skin disorders, sleeping disorders, burning, tightness of the face or its redness, vert igo and gastrointestinal complaints. This subject of disorders in behavior for children is becoming a common discussion among professionals. The Studies that are already done have widely associated the violent behavior, attention deficits and emotional instability to chemical imbalances occurring in the brain. The reason that young brains are developing the blood-brain barrier, it is now becoming an extreme possibility that there will be early damage caused by excitotoxins. In April 1994, a time magazine article confirmed the rising problem of behavioral disorders. The magazine stated that the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was not in existence 15 years ago. It is however said that it is now affecting 3.3 million American children. This magazine article quotes a prominent research which 10 years ago stated that symptoms of ADHD and ADD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) vanished with maturity. Today however, ADD is now the fastest growing diagnostic category for the adults. The combination of excitotoxins i.e. MSG and aspartame came into wide usage in the 1980s. The drug sale rate for these disorders has shot up by almost 400% in a period of 4 years only. MSG is now a known mutagen. Its damage occurs in the womb as chemicals pass from the womb of the mother into the blood system of the fetus. The old people do show high vulnerability rates to the progressive neuro-generative diseases. An example of such diseases is Alzheimers.

Medias Influences on the Development of a Womans Self-Esteem Essay ex

Media's Influences on the Development of a Woman's Self-Esteem As young women grow up it is a time for learning. This time can be easier to handle by some than others. For some it can be a revelation of new experiences and ideas, but for other it can also be a difficult, stressful time for those trying to discover themselves. This can affect themselves as well as those around them. During this time, young women are likely to identify with those around them, their peers. Identifying with peers can help young women along by giving them the opportunity to see how others deal with problems similar to their own and by offering their own advice to those who need it. Along with this, young women are liable to worry about their body image, and may want to conform to those who have achieved the 'desired' image. This image may be thin, muscular, or just average. This can be attributed to the media's portrayal of women (Body Image & Advertising). The majority of women in ads; television, movies, and magazines are thin and are seen as attractive because of this. Young women will see these women and may want their image as their own, and some will go to any lengths to acquire this (Harrison, K). This in turn could lead to the idea that during this process of change and growing up, young women are often concerned about their physical image, which is influenced by the media (ibid). Young women may want to change their body image for a number of reasons. When women compare themselves to models and pictures of people in advertisements, they believe the only way they will get noticed is if they also appear the in the same image of the models (Henderson-King & Henderson-King). During adolescence, they may feel unsatisfied with their bodies and want to change how they look just to fit in (Beauty and Body Image in the Media). Also, young women look up to a number of people, namely celebrities, and try to adopt their style as their own in hopes of being able to fit in. Many celebrities are thin (Henderson-King & Henderson-King. The media widely popularizes the female figure as very thin. This all has its roots to 1959 and the introduction of the Barbie Doll and then in 1967 the ?waif look? entered our society when Leslie Hornby, known as Twiggy, began showing up in the media. The majority of actresses throughout the history of media have been thin (Beauty and Body... ...ffects on Women?s body esteem: social and individual difference factors. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 399. Retrieved from InfoTrac, Web database. Media exposure drives how satisfied women and girls are about body image. Pharma Business Week, 1, 13. Retrieved from InfoTrac Web database. Rabak-Wagener, J., Eickhoff-Shemek, J., & Kelly-Vance, L., (2004). Participation in a media analysis program helped young women change their beliefs about body image, but their behaviors stayed similar. Journal of American College Health, 47, 29. Retrieved from RDS database. Simplistic explanations regarding women and body image neglect other factors. Mental Health Weekly Digest, 1, 16. Retrieved September 18, 2004, from InfoTrac Web database. Spaeth Cherry, s., (2004). Parents Can Help Prevent Eating Disorders. Opposing Viewpoints: Eating Disorders, 1, 1. Retrieved from Opposing Viewpoints Resource center. TV food ads: thin actors make then thin on reality. Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter, 19, 2. Retrieved from InfoTrac Web database. Walling, A., (1990). Teenagers and Television. American Family Physician, 42, 638. Retrieved from InfoTrac Web database. Media's Influences on the Development of a Woman's Self-Esteem Essay ex Media's Influences on the Development of a Woman's Self-Esteem As young women grow up it is a time for learning. This time can be easier to handle by some than others. For some it can be a revelation of new experiences and ideas, but for other it can also be a difficult, stressful time for those trying to discover themselves. This can affect themselves as well as those around them. During this time, young women are likely to identify with those around them, their peers. Identifying with peers can help young women along by giving them the opportunity to see how others deal with problems similar to their own and by offering their own advice to those who need it. Along with this, young women are liable to worry about their body image, and may want to conform to those who have achieved the 'desired' image. This image may be thin, muscular, or just average. This can be attributed to the media's portrayal of women (Body Image & Advertising). The majority of women in ads; television, movies, and magazines are thin and are seen as attractive because of this. Young women will see these women and may want their image as their own, and some will go to any lengths to acquire this (Harrison, K). This in turn could lead to the idea that during this process of change and growing up, young women are often concerned about their physical image, which is influenced by the media (ibid). Young women may want to change their body image for a number of reasons. When women compare themselves to models and pictures of people in advertisements, they believe the only way they will get noticed is if they also appear the in the same image of the models (Henderson-King & Henderson-King). During adolescence, they may feel unsatisfied with their bodies and want to change how they look just to fit in (Beauty and Body Image in the Media). Also, young women look up to a number of people, namely celebrities, and try to adopt their style as their own in hopes of being able to fit in. Many celebrities are thin (Henderson-King & Henderson-King. The media widely popularizes the female figure as very thin. This all has its roots to 1959 and the introduction of the Barbie Doll and then in 1967 the ?waif look? entered our society when Leslie Hornby, known as Twiggy, began showing up in the media. The majority of actresses throughout the history of media have been thin (Beauty and Body... ...ffects on Women?s body esteem: social and individual difference factors. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 399. Retrieved from InfoTrac, Web database. Media exposure drives how satisfied women and girls are about body image. Pharma Business Week, 1, 13. Retrieved from InfoTrac Web database. Rabak-Wagener, J., Eickhoff-Shemek, J., & Kelly-Vance, L., (2004). Participation in a media analysis program helped young women change their beliefs about body image, but their behaviors stayed similar. Journal of American College Health, 47, 29. Retrieved from RDS database. Simplistic explanations regarding women and body image neglect other factors. Mental Health Weekly Digest, 1, 16. Retrieved September 18, 2004, from InfoTrac Web database. Spaeth Cherry, s., (2004). Parents Can Help Prevent Eating Disorders. Opposing Viewpoints: Eating Disorders, 1, 1. Retrieved from Opposing Viewpoints Resource center. TV food ads: thin actors make then thin on reality. Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter, 19, 2. Retrieved from InfoTrac Web database. Walling, A., (1990). Teenagers and Television. American Family Physician, 42, 638. Retrieved from InfoTrac Web database.

Leadership Management Essay

Introduction In this report, a research regarding leadership was conducted through observation and interviewing of an effective leader. The leader that was chosen for this research report is Tan Kee Boon Valdric. Valdric was a commissioned officer in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF). Singapore Armed Forces is a military organisation and its main purpose is to protect Singapore from any form of external threats. Upon commission, he was assigned to be the platoon commander for my platoon during national service in the 40th Singapore Armour Regiment (40SAR) and later on in our reservist unit at 473 Singapore Armour Regiment (473 SAR). By observing and interviewing him, the observation and interview results were compared with each other to see if there was any coherence in the results. These results were later compared in the reflection portion of this report to identify the complexities of leadership, the new understanding that was gained from this research and how undertaking this research and gaining new understanding of leadership would benefit my leadership abilities. Observation during National Service and Reservist As a platoon commander, Valdric would often plan and conduct many activities, exercises and trainings in camps. While planning for such activities, he would have to assign tasks to various personnel to complete the different tasks required of such activities. For instance, when conducting an Individual Physical Proficiency Test (IPPT), he would have to assign personnel to do various tasks required for the activity to proceed smoothly. When conducting such routine test activities in camp, he would often just assign tasks to soldiers in the platoon without further explanation as most of the people in the platoon are experienced and competent in doing the tasks. However, when assigning tasks to the newer inexperienced soldiers in the platoon, he would often give advices and guide them. For instance, when he was assigning tasks to the new batch of inexperienced sergeants who had just completed their training course, he would follow them and guide them accordingly on how to go about completing their tasks and encourage them. This changing leadership style based on the level of experience of personnel under him can be seen as a form of situational leadership II. Situational Leadership II is a model of contingency leadership in which leaders select different leadership based on their behaviour and the level of competency and capability of group members whom they are leading (Dubrin 2011). According to Blanchard (2010), situational leadership II model has four leadership styles which are namely directing, coaching, supporting and delegating which effective leaders adopt based on matching the level of competence of their group members. In Valdric’s case, when assigning tasks to the new inexperienced sergeants, he could be seen as choosing to exhibit a coaching leadership style which requires more supportive and directive behaviours and while assigning tasks to experienced personnel, he would exhibit a delegating leadership style which requires a less supportive and directive behaviour of the leader. Based on this observation, it could be seen that Valdric applies the Situational Leadership II model to alter his leadership style based on the level of competence and experience of his personnel. When problems or difficulty arises during activities or duties, Valdric would always keep calm and be open to suggestion for ideas and would accept any idea that sounds feasible in handling the problems or difficulties that arises. By keeping his composure and accepting feasible ideas suggested by those in the platoon, it can be seen as having self-confidence and flexibility which are some of the personality traits of an effective leader (Lussier & Achua 2009). On a few occasions, difficulties such as a sudden vehicle breakdown occurred during training. Instead of panicking, he kept his composure and called the sergeants and commanders together to discuss what they should do. Valdric would often decide upon a solution through participative discussion and consultation of personnel that are of lower ranking, usually the sergeants, in the platoon. During the planning of training programmes, which was something he had to do monthly, he would always discuss with the other commanders, the sergeants, in the platoon and decide on what training programmes they should include for the upcoming month. Participative leadership style in decision making is a style in which the leader would discuss and consult with members of a lower rank in the group before making a decision (Barman 2009). It can be seen that Valdric exhibits this participative leadership style through his use of participative discussion and consultation in planning training programmes. Valdric was always planning and thinking of ways to improve the platoon’s efficiency in terms of expertise skill levels and physical fitness which are crucial attributes required of soldiers in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF). He would always plan new goals and visions to constantly improve the platoon’s expertise skill level and fitness and then communicate and inspire the platoon about the importance of constant. This constant seeking of improvement through creating new goals and visions to improve the platoon and efficiency of the military organisation could be seen as exhibiting a socialized charismatic leadership style. Socialized charismatic leaders are leaders who would use their influential powers to try and motivate groups and people in the organisation to improve organisation effectiveness and efficiency (Gardner, Avolio and Walumbwa 2005). Valdric’s desire to constantly improve the skill level of the platoon in order to help improve the progress and efficiency of the SAF is similar to a socialized charismatic leadership style. Interview Results An interview was conducted to find out more about how Valdric felt about his leadership characteristics and what he thinks are some of the leadership characteristics required to be an effective leader. Through the interview, a better understanding of his leadership characteristics and experiences was captured. From the interview, Valdric felt that some personality traits like self-confidence, trustworthiness and flexibility were key personality traits required to be an effective leader. He believed that self-confidence was required as he felt that leaders should have a certain level of confidence in order to lead. The second trait that he believed was a pre-requisite for effective leaders was trustworthiness as he felt that effective leaders need to build trust between his followers and himself in order to effectively lead them. Flexibility was another personality trait that he felt was important as he believed that leaders should be flexible so that they can change their leadership styles depending on the different environment and situation they are required to work in. Based on the interview results regarding personality traits, it can be seen that personality traits of self-confidence and flexibility are consistent of what with the observations results in which personality traits of self-confidence and flexibility was observed in Valdric. Another finding obtained from the interview session with Valdric was that he would change his leadership style based on the level of experience and expertise of the group members that he led. Valdric believed that group members who are inexperienced and lacking in skill required more nurturing and support from leaders and in such situations, leaders should give more specific instructions and support to help group members to gain experience and learn the skills required for the job efficiently. When questioned about another scenario in which he was leading a group which consists of experienced and skilled members, Valdric mentioned that he would switch to a less directive leading style in which he would be less specific in terms of giving instructions but he would continue to support his group members in terms of motivating them and encouraging them to keep the morale level within the group high. This finding is coherent with the observations results regarding how Valdric manages and assigns tasks to personnel in the platoon based on their level of experience. Based on the observation and interview results, it can be seen that Valdric uses the contingency approach to leadership to lead effectively. The alteration of leadership style based on the level of experience of the group they are leading is based on the situational leadership II model (Hellriegel and Slocum 2007). Valdric also felt that leaders should have different leadership styles and the ability to match the correct leadership style to the correct situation. He felt that given a situation, if the leader chooses the incorrect style to lead, it would wane the effectiveness of situational leadership. Another important role for leaders is decision-making for the group or organization. Valdric felt that decisions made by leaders would affect the effectiveness of the group or organisation which they are leading. In his opinion, the decision made by the leader should be a decision which is agreed upon by majority of the individuals in the group or organisation. To achieve this, Valdric mentioned that he often call for meetings with group members to discuss about issues and problems before he makes a decision. This was coherent with the observations results. Both the observation and interview results converge to show that Valdric uses group participation in decision-making. The use of such meetings to discuss ideas and suggestions before the leader makes a decision can be seen as a form of participative leadership style in decision-making. A leader exhibiting participative style involves his group members in the decision-making process by allowing group members to voice their opinions before the leader himself makes the final decision (Saxena 2009). However, Valdric mentioned that there are some disadvantages in the use of participative leadership styles during decision-making. In situations when there are a wide range of differing opinions in the group, it can be extremely difficult to obtain a consensus on a decision that is accepted by everyone in the group. Furthermore, he also mentioned that in situations when a decision needs to be made quickly, this leadership style would not be as effective as it tends to consume too much time before the leader makes a decision. Reflection and Improvement From this assignment, I have learnt about the various complexities of leadership through analysing and reflecting on the observation and interview results. From analysing the observation and interview results a comparison can be made between my findings regarding the complexities of various leadership styles and the theories taught in this leadership and management course. Based on my observation and interview results regarding participative leadership style, I learnt that although leaders exhibiting this style allows group members to have a feel of participation in the decision-making process and creates a sense of belonging to the group which further drives them to work harder for the leader, this style may become ineffective when there are various differences in opinion and it is often too time consuming. This is coherent with the theories regarding the complexities of democratic leadership style or participative leadership style. One of the common problem that leaders exhibiting participative leadership style during decision making was that such the use of such group meeting requires too much time (eds Muenjohn, Boucher & Tran 2010). This shows that what I have learnt and understand through the conducting of this research is coherent with the theories that I have learnt in this leadership and management course. Another similarity in finding which I have made from this research that is coherent with leadership theories is regarding the situational leadership II model in which leaders selects an appropriate style of leadership based on the level of experience of the members in the group which they are leading. From the observation and interview results, I have learnt that in order for situational leadership to be effective, a leader has to be flexible enough to change his leadership style to correctly match the situation. If a leader is not able to match his leadership style to the situation effectively, the effectiveness of situational leadership would be diminished and the use of this model for leadership could result in more problems rather than effectiveness. This is consistent with what was mentioned in the theories regarding the effective use of situational leadership styles such as the situational leadership II model. For situational leadership model II to be effective, leaders have to be able change their leadership style, in terms of supporting and directing, to match the level of experience of the group members they are leading (eds Muenjohn, Boucher & Tran 2010). A failure to do so would bring about an effective leader that would hinder the development of their group members or followers and indirectly affect the development of the organization as a whole (Blanchard 2010). Based on this, it can be seen that the findings that I have made regarding leadership styles such as participative leadership style and situational leadership is similar to what is taught in the theories in the course. In the process of conducting this research, I have learnt that many of the leadership styles are useful but they have flaws as well. Most leadership styles are effective if used at the correct time. However, if a leadership style is used inappropriately, it may bring about more problems and lead to leadership ineffectiveness. For instance, from this research, I have learnt that the use of participative leadership style in decision making is effective in helping the group makes a decision that is based on consensus of everyone. However, the use of participative leadership style in decision making may become ineffective when a decision has to be made quickly. One of the flaws of a participative style of leadership in the decision making process is that it often requires too much time before a consensus on the decision is made (eds Muenjohn, Boucher & Tran 2010). Other than the use of participative leadership style, the use of contingency approach of leadership styles would also lead to ineffectiveness if leaders use the wrong contingency leadership style for the wrong situation. For example, situational leadership II requires leaders to use appropriate leadership styles that can be more supportive or directive based on the level of competency and experience of the group members (Hellriegel & Slocum 2007). Based on situational leadership II, an effective leader would adopt a leadership style that is more directive and supportive when leading group members who are inexperienced. However, if a leader uses a leadership style that is less directive and supportive instead of one that is more directive and supportive, it may bring about ineffectiveness among the group due to ineffective leadership. In the process of conducting this research, I have understood that leading a group of people effectively is not a simple task. In order to be an effective leader, an individual has to learn how to effectively manage the group of people he is assigned to lead. In organisations, members of the organisations tend to have varying characteristics, working style, behaviour and experiences. Leaders would probably have to lead groups of people with varying characteristics or work with different groups of people throughout their lives. In order to be an effective leader, a leader has to be able to switch their leadership style to one that matches the people or situation they are leading in order to be effective. To be able to lead groups effectively regardless of situation, flexibility in a leader is required. According to Gamage (2006), effective leaders are usually flexible, allowing them to alter their leadership styles to one that is most appropriate and effective in whatever situation they are in. This means that for a leader to be able to use the contingency approach to leadership and be effective, flexibility is essential. Personally, other than the time I was serving National Service as a sergeant, I did not really have many opportunities to take on a leadership role. Hence, from this research, I have gained many insights that would be extremely useful for my leadership practice in the future. The importance of flexibility is one of the key takeaways from this research. During the time that I was serving National Service, I tend to use the same leadership style to lead my soldiers regardless of situation as I believed that it was the most appropriate and suitable leadership style for me. However, through this assignment, I learnt that there are many leadership styles that are effective and that a leader should be flexible to change their leadership style to one that best fits the situation in order to become an effective leader. Reddin (1970, cited in Gamage 2006, pp. 102) mentioned that the effectiveness of leadership styles depends on the situation. This means that leadership styles can either be effective or ineffective based on the situation in which they are used. If a leadership style is used in the wrong situation, it would be ineffective. However, if the same leadership style were to be used in an appropriate situation, it would be seen as an effective leadership style. What is important is that the leader needs to know which leadership style is appropriate for whatever situation they are given. From this, I have learnt that flexibility is an important trait that leaders should possess or develop and developing flexibility would allow me to be able to use the contingency approach of leadership styles better. Other than flexibility, another key takeaway that I have obtained from this research that would help me in my future leadership role was the understanding of using a contingency approach of leadership which requires me to select the correct leadership style for whichever situation in order to be an effective leader. Based on the theories taught in this course and the results of this research, I have come to an understanding that there are no ineffective leadership styles. All leadership styles are effective and the only reason why some people view certain leadership styles as ineffective is because they fail to match the correct leadership style to the situation (eds Muenjohn, Boucher & Trans 2007). From this, I learnt that there is no such thing as ineffective leadership style and that I should focus on matching leadership styles to situations in order to be an effective leader in the future. Conclusion In conclusion I believe that in order to be an effective leader, one must be able to understand the complexities of leading and how to handle these complexities. The leadership theories taught in this course and the insights gained from conducting this research has allowed me to gain a better understanding of some of these complexities of leadership. Some of the key takeaways that I have gained from this research were the importance of flexibility in a leader and the use of contingency approach to leadership style especially the situational leadership II model. The theories in this course have provided me with a basic understanding on leadership and through conducting this research, it further reinforced what I have learnt and understood from the course by allowing me to observe the application of some of the leadership theories. Through the observations and interview, I have learnt about various complexities of some of the leadership theories such as using a participative leadership style in the decision making process and the use of situational leadership II model. I believe that this understanding and knowledge that I have attained would greatly benefit me in my future endeavours as a leader. Reference List Barman, K 2009, Leadership Management: Achieving Breakthroughs, Global Indian Publications, New Delhi. Blanchard, K 2010, Leading at a Higher Level: Blanchard on Leadership and Creating High Performance Organizations, FT Press, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Dubrin, AJ 2011, Essentials of Management, 9th edn, Cengage Learning, USA. Gamage, DT 2006, Professional Development for Leaders and Managers of Self-Governing Schools, Springer, Netherlands. Gardner, WL, Avolio, BJ and Walumbwa, FO (eds.) 2005, Authentic leadership theory and practice: origins, effects and development, Elseiver, USA. Hellriegel, D and Slocum, JW 2007, Organizational Behaviour, 11th edn, Thomson South-Western, USA. Lussier, RN and Achua, CF 2009, Leadership: Theory, Application & Skill Development, 4th edn, Cengage Learning, USA. Muenjohn, N, Boucher, C and Tran, N (eds.) 2010, Leadership and Management, Cengage Learning, Melbourne. Saxena, PK 2009, Principles of Management: A Modern Approach, Global India Publications, New Delhi. Appendix Interview Questions 1) What are some of the skills that you think a leader should possess? Why? 2) What are some of the traits that you think an effective leader should possess? Why? 3) What are some of the leadership roles that you think leaders have and which leadership role do you think is the most important? 4) When making decisions for your group as a leader, would you consult your group members before making a decision? Why? 5) Between building relations with group members and completing the task, which do you think is more important for a leader? 6) What are some of the ways by which you motivate people in your team as a leader? 7) How would you describe your leadership style as? 8) In your opinion, should an effective leader change his leadership style to match different situations or stick with the same leadership style for all situations? 9) When leading a group of inexperienced member, would you alter your leadership style to cater to them? 10) When leading a group of highly experienced and skilled personnel, how would your leadership style be different? 11) Do you think an effective leader should be more directive or supportive? 12) If there was a conflict among members in your group, how would you attempt to resolve the conflict? 13) Do you think that constant improvement is required for leaders and their groups to be effective? 14) Is effective communication required for a leader to lead his group effectively?